Validation Studies

Validation refers to the processes that establish evidence supporting the interpretation and use of test scores. The intent of validation studies is to document evidence that tests proposed for use in making employment decisions are job-related and consistent with business necessity. Such research also examines the extent to which tests are unbiased with respect to subgroups protected from discrimination. For valid tests people who score high on the test measures will be expected to have a higher likelihood of performing well than those who score low.

Several methods for establishing this evidence exist, and multiple methods are often used to build support for the use of a test. Two of the most common methods used for selection tests are criterion-related and content-oriented strategies. A criterion-related strategy typically establishes a statistical relationship between a test score and a criterion measure such as job performance or training grades within a sample of individuals. In contrast, a content-oriented strategy links the content of a test to the requirements of the job, which are determined by a systematic job analysis. The strategy chosen for establishing validity often depends on the number of people available and the nature of the test being validated.

Evidence of validity provides a means to defend the selection test if challenged. More importantly, the validity evidence shows that the test is performing the function the employer intended by increasing the likelihood of hiring the right people for the job. By increasing the proportion of competent employees in the workforce, valid selection procedures ultimately increase the performance of the organization in which these employees work.

Organizations come to Valtera for assistance in validating new batteries and operational batteries. We highly recommend a proactive approach to mitigate legal concerns when possible.